HYPNOSIS
RESEARCH
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The more scientific research becomes available, the more it continues to demonstrate hypnotherapy is an effective adjunct tool to support many medical treatment programs. In this section, as new research is published, we will continually add those links. If you have suggestions, please forward your suggested link to us at info@helpfromwithin.com.
Accelerate Healing of Bone Fractures
A randomized controlled study done by two large Boston area hospitals, concluded hypnosis may be capable of enhancing both anatomical and functional fracture healing . . . Altern Ther Health Med. 1999 Mar;5(2):67-75.
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of` respiratory system which different factors such as genetic, environmental, infectious, allergic and psychological elements play an important role. In a randomized brief study, it was noted the probable effects of psychological stress on increasing symptoms, at least in short periods of time, self-hypnosis could improve symptoms. Researchers further noted hypnosis did not seem to change lung function in asthmatic patients in a short period of time, but noted the study was brief. Journal of Applied Sciences 9 (1): 188-192, 2009.
Breast Biopsy: Excisional
The study results indicate that a brief pre-surgery hypnosis intervention can be an effective means of controlling pre-surgical distress in women awaiting diagnostic breast cancer surgery. (Anesth Analg. 2008 Feb;106(2):440-4, table of contents)
Breast Biopsy: Reduced Pain and Anxiety
In a randomized, controlled trial researchers found both self-hypnosis and empathic attention reduced pain and anxiety during the large core needle biopsy procedure. Self-hypnosis provided greater anxiety relief than empathic attention. Neither intervention increased procedure time or significantly increased cost. The researchers noted self-hypnosis appears attractive for out-patient pain management." (Pain, December 2006 )
Breast Cancer: Before Surgery
Hypnosis before breast cancer surgery eases pain and decreases pre-surgical distress in excisional breast biopsy patients.
Anesth Analg. 2008 Feb;106(2):440-4 Internet Resource
Burn Wound Care
In a randomized controlled study, the findings suggested clinical hypnotic hypnosis affects multiple pain domains and hypnosis that measures that assess these multiple domains may be more sensitive to the effects of hypnotic analgesia treatments. Internet Resource
Fibromyalgia
A randomized controlled trial "compared the relative effects of hypnosis and relaxation on clinical pain in 45 patients with fibromyalgia and explored whether presenting the relaxation suggestions as ‘hypnosis’ versus ‘relaxation training’ would impact pain outcomes. "
"Patients who received hypnosis with analgesia suggestions (e.g. imagining a blue, analgesic stream filtering into the painful area) experienced significantly greater reductions in pain intensity, and in the sensory dimension of pain, than did patients in either the hypnosis with relaxation (e.g. visualizing a pleasant beach) or relaxation conditions. "
"Reductions in pain intensity were found to be similar (and non-significant) between the hypnosis with relaxation suggestions and the relaxation conditions. Furthermore, no significant differences were found among the three groups with regard to the affective dimension of pain." Internet Resource
Functional Chronic Recurrent Abdominal Pain (FCRAP)
In a small study researchers concluded the following," Although effective in the management of acute pain and distress in pediatric cancer patients, the use of hypnotherapy in children with FCRAP is not a common practice. The current study highly supports the use of hypnosis as a part of the biobehavioral approach for this dilemma. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1999;230:49-51 Internet Resource
Hypertension
A study was done on 117 outpatients (20- to 45-year-old men) with mild high blood pressure before hypnosis, 6 weeks after hypnosis and 12-month follow-up. Clinical, psychological, and psycho-physiological data from all patients who were offered relaxation therapy were analyzed.
The treatment group demonstrated a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, peripheral vascular resistance, and hypertensive response to emotional stress, and an improvement in psychological adaptation, quality of life, and capacity for work, when compared to the control group.
Biofeedback and breathing-relaxation training resulted in the greatest reduction in blood pressure when compared to all the hypnosis techniques used.
The antihypertensive effect of relaxation therapy correlated positively with pretreatment blood pressure levels and negatively with the duration of illness and certain psychological features. Internet Resource
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Based on data from the literature and supported by the study, researchers concluded hypnotherapy is a valuable addition to the conventional treatment of IBS.
(Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1999;230:49-51) Internet Resource
Caregivers - (Self) hypnosis in the prevention of burnout and compassion fatigue for caregivers: theory and induction
"Caregivers are particularly at risk of compassion fatigue and burnout. Empathy, activity of mirror neurons and mirroring increase the risks. Some research has been done on the relationship between hypnotizability and empathy. In the prevention of burnout and compassion fatigue a positive approach with increase of compassion satisfaction and resilience makes sense.
Hypnosis with its emphasis on mobilizing positive resources and positive psychology is helpful at different levels of intervention. (Self) hypnosis is integrated in strategies for self care, setting boundaries and increasing inner strength and resilience.
In hypnosis attitude changes can be made with promotion of compassion satisfaction and job engagement. Resource development is also part of the hypnotic work. After initial training in hypnosis, caregivers can help themselves further in remaining more resilient and keeping positively engaged, enjoying compassion satisfaction. Internet Resource
Chronic and Acute Pain
The Efficacy Of Hypnotic Analgesia In Adults: A Review Of The Literature
"This article both summarizes the previous reviews of randomized, controlled trials of hypnotic analgesia for the treatment of chronic and acute pain in adults, and reviews
similar trials which have recently been published in the scientific literature.
The results indicate that for both chronic and acute pain conditions:
(1) hypnotic analgesia consistently results in greater decreases in a variety of pain outcomes compared to no treatment/standard care
(2) hypnosis frequently out-performs non-hypnotic interventions (e.g. education, supportive therapy) in terms of reductions in pain-related outcomes; and
(3) hypnosis performs similarly to treatments that contain hypnotic elements (such as progressive muscle relaxation), but is not surpassed in efficacy by these alternative treatments. Internet Resource
Chronic Pain and Insomnia
An NIH panel of professionals found strong evidence for the use of relaxation techniques in reducing chronic pain in a variety of medical conditions.
They also found strong evidence for the use of hypnosis in alleviating pain associated with cancer. The evidence was moderate for the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral techniques and biofeedback in relieving chronic pain. Regarding insomnia, behavioral techniques, particularly relaxation and biofeedback, produce improvements in some aspects of sleep. (JAMA. 1996 Jul 24-31;276(4):313-8) Internet Resource
Dyspepsia
In a randomized study, hypnosis was found to be highly effective in the long-term management of Functional Dyspepsia. Furthermore, the dramatic reduction in medication use and consultation rate provide major economic advantages. Gastroenterology. 2002 Dec;123(6):1778-85 Internet Resource
Pain Management In Children
Children can be easier to hypnotize than adults. Studies have shown clinical hypnosis and self-hypnosis to be effective as adjunct treatments for children in pain. Examples include painful medical procedures, such as bone marrow aspiration and lumbar puncture in pediatric cancer patients, postoperative pain and anxiety in children undergoing surgery, and chronic headache. Can Fam Physician. 2007 May;53(5):823-5
Pain Reduction
"Psychologically mediated forms of pain reduction, as shown during hypnotic procedure, not only modulate nociceptive reflexes and pain-related autonomic activity elicited by peripherical stimulation, but also supraspinal pain-control system. Functional imaging studies have identified activation in mid-cingulate cortex, area 24′a as directly mediating the changes in pain perception specific to hypnotic suggestion.
"Hypnosis was found to enhance functional modulation between mid-cingulate area 24′A and a wide network of sensory affective, cognitive and motor-related brain regions. This short review of neuro-physiological correlates of hypnotic modulation of pain reinforce the idea, that not only pharmacological but also psychological strategies for relieving pain can modulate the interconnected network of cortical and sub-cortical regions that participate in the processing of painful stimuli." Internet Resource
Palliative Care
Pain constitutes a severe problem for patients in need of palliative care, because this pain usually dramatically impairs their quality of life. Hypnosis is a non-medicinal methods, an imaginative treatment that activates available resources; it is not only an effective way of alleviating pain, but it also can ease psychological problems at the same time. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2008;158(23-24):674-9 Internet Resource
Sleep Walking and Sleep Terror
A retrospective study was done on a small group with these sleeping disorders. 74% of those individuals reported much or very much improvement when followed over substantial periods after instruction in self-hypnotic exercises that were practiced in the home.
Hypnosis required one to six office visits. This represents a very cost-effective and noninvasive means of treatment, especially when contrasted with lengthy medical care and use of medications.
Sleep curtailment is accompanied by increased intake of calories from snacks.
CONCLUSION: “Findings indicate that alterations in the balance between sleep and wakefulness can modify the amount, composition, and distribution of human food intake and suggest that sleeping short hours in modern societies may aggravate the problem of excessive energy consumption.” Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 January; 89(1): 126–133. Internet Resource
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Effects of self-hypnosis training and EMG biofeedback relaxation training on chronic pain in persons with spinal-cord injury.
This small randomly assigned study compared the results of self-hypnosis or EMG biofeedback relaxation training for pain management. Participants in both treatment conditions reported substantial, but similar, decreases in pain intensity from before to after the treatment sessions. However, participants in the self-hypnosis but not the biofeedback reported statistically significant decreases in daily average pain pre- to posttreatment. These pre- to post treatment decreases in pain reported by the hypnosis participants were maintained at 3-month follow-up. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2009 Jul;57(3):239-68. Internet Resource
TINNITUS - Clinical hypnosis for the alleviation of tinnitus. (Cope TE)
The use of clinical hypnosis use for the management of troublesome tinnitus has been discussed in the literature for more than 30 years, but little formal research has been conducted into efficacy of this treatment or the relative suitability of techniques. Despite this, a success rate of 70% is commonly quoted by hypnosis practitioners in promotional material. This review summarizes the few peer-reviewed studies on this subject and concludes that, though evidence suggests that hypnosis provides a benefit in some subjects, how this benefit compares to more mainstream approaches is not yet clear. Int Tinnitus J. 2008;14(2):135-8. Internet Resource
